Nepali Times
Publisher\'s Note
Patience and hope in 2067


Recent protests on the streets of Bishkek and Bangkok are warnings to us here in Nepal about the dangers of democratic decay, the threats of reversal and backsliding.

The rise of the red shirts in Thailand culminated in hand-to-hand combat on Saturday that left 22 dead. In Kyrgyzstan last week at least 100 people were gunned down in an uprising that sidelined a hated regime. In other resource-rich former Soviet Central Asian 'stans', totalitarian Soviet communism has been replaced not by democracy, but by rapacious oligarchs. Across the world, democracy is numerically in retreat: there have been more setbacks to freedom than progress.

Some would argue that it is the Thais who should learn from us, not the other way around. The street protests that marked the beginning of our transition from a monarchy to a republic were relatively non-violent. Things are behind schedule, we have a messy political deadlock, but at least we are moving in the right direction.

Freedom is an absolute (one can't be partly free) and an inalienable right. But ever since the Philippines in 1986, we have seen that the restoration of democracy through people power is not the end of a process, it is the beginning. If we become complacent, the euphoria of democracy is soon replaced with disillusionment and despair as the new rulers begin to emulate the tyrants they replaced. Democracy doesn't come with a warranty card, it has to be protected through vigilance and accountability.

Elections are the process by which we choose the most honest, efficient managers to run a country for a given period. But, as we saw in Kyrgyzstan, elections cannot be the sole criteria for legitimacy. The Thai debacle, too, raises a question as old as Athenian democracy itself: how to protect the nation and people from those they have elected? History is replete with examples of leaders who, once elected to office, proceeded to dismantle the very institutions they used to get to power in order to indefinitely extend their mandates.

Fortunately for us in Nepal, there seems to be an emerging consensus at the top level of the triumvirate that lords over us that there is no alternative to a national government during the constitution-drafting process. They are now putting the necessary legal provisions into place to postpone the statute deadline till 28 November, and hopefully within a month we will have a new all-inclusive government.

Inaugurating an international conference on democracy in Jakarta this week, Malaysian opposition leader Anwar Ibrahim, who spent six years in solitary confinement, said there were two kinds of political leaders in Asia today: ones that grow old in their jobs and others that grow old in jails. He paid tribute to the world's most noted elected prisoner of conscience, Aung San Suu Kyi.

In his keynote address, Anwar said he realised two things while in detention: "Democracy needs patience, and democracy needs hope. Despair is the enemy of democracy."

Here's to hoping we don't run out of patience in 2067.



1. KiranL

"If we become complacent, the euphoria of democracy is soon replaced with disillusionment and despair as the new rulers begin to emulate the tyrants they replaced. Democracy doesn't come with a warranty card, it has to be protected through vigilance and accountability."

Well said, Mr Dixit. But we see this happening over and over again in Nepal with the absolute monarchists, Panchayat, royal-military regime, post-1990 governments and even the elected Maoist government. Nepal's rulers have never understood that there is only one thing that gives them true legitimacy: how successful they are in responding to the people's real needs of development, peace and justice. The people understand this won't happen overnight, but they want leaders that at least try to set things right. As Dixit says, elections are not enough for legitimacy, you need performance. Kiran L



2. Arthur
Fortunately ...They are now putting the necessary legal provisions into place to postpone the statute deadline till 28 November, and hopefully within a month we will have a new all-inclusive government.

No source is quoted for the above.

According to Republica on the same day (16 April):

Dahal also added that the Maoists would not agree for extension of the term of the Constituent Assembly under present government.

The deadline cannot be extended without an amendment that requires a two-thirds majority (which requires Maoist agreement), except in case of a 6 months emergency extension.

If both reports are correct. The present government will declare a state of emergency and then collapse within a month...

How "fortunate".

Wouldn't it be simpler to agree to an election?

Of course if the government has completely lost confidence in the people then like Brecht said of East Germany, it could dissolve the people and choose another one...



3. Slarti
I am a fan of what you write, your defense of democracy is robust and you rightly quote Anwar Ibrahim, even though he is no angel.

I say that because here is what I find a bit incomplete - 

"Elections are the process by which we choose the most honest, efficient managers to run a country for a given period." 

Elections never choose the most honest and efficient, to do that you would require perfect information on the individuals you intend to elect. 

Instead elections are of value because of the fact that the probability of rulers deviating too far off course for their personal ambition is reduced. That is why periodicity serves such a valuable purpose. 

That is why Mahathir Mohammed who ruled over the country with an iron hand, making Malaysia a manufacturing hub and one of the Asian tigers, is reviled by some. He simply said of freedom " like offering a flower to a monkey". His policies and corruption under him led to a free fall in the economy during the Asian crisis, and despite its many advantages the country remains open to periodic boom and bust. 

His saving grace is that he was a pragmatist. Unlike China when Malaysia faced its big crisis, its leaders were shown the door, not the state and its structure.

Here in Nepal, the task of defending democracy is much harder, it requires defending nincompoops charged with saving a nation besieged by a murderous band of crusaders, who are backed by the worlds most effective propaganda machine that exercises control over all forms of expression. Loss is inevitable, but only in the short term.

What you noted about the decline of democracy is true, but maybe you should have also noted that its rise brought freedom that would have been unthinkable just over two decades ago, and those who stayed with it are on the path to prosperity.   


4. Nirmal

What will have served the tortuous journey of these last years? If the scenario is going to be like this: the current coalition in a bid to announce fresh elections and the Maoists hell bent on writing the constitution from the street; ergo the nation is head towards the path of violent political confrontation. It is true that we do not have constitution in our hand by now, and that miracles do not exist, but sometimes they work. That is, it could be that this political class(remember, who does not depend on the polities already formulated), which is discredited, dismembered and half rejected, had a moment of clairvoyance and prepare the statute as it is voted in the CA for:Democratic, Federal, Secular, Indivisible and Inclusive. But after two years together to perpetuate ad aeternum, their endless chatter of who wins what makes clear that nothing will go well, and all will be well wrong. As we are a country of "tip as" and if the elite class does not make a mess too, we could be even thankful for her generosity to the Mother Superior. But all indicators lead to a devastating forecast: the notorious gurus of nepali parliamentary system would try to marginalise the other notorious gurus of New Nepal, the CA will be chopped, and the substancial bite would be the republican set-up. Everyone is going to be in lose lose situation. The message emanating from this crass abrasion is also devastating. What this political class has for us to tell, before we say anything? First, no matter the enormous energies of nepali political parties and the largest party, devoting two whole years to agree on a constitution, whose aim is to allow the funtioing of the government during the coming decades. Second, no matter the enormous energies of those parties in their negotiations with the other, leaving skin at each meeting, confronting resignations and always protected by their fear. Third, no matter how huge effort the entire country invested to vote in CA elections. Fourth, no matter the enormous energies to achieve a parliamentary two-third majority in the CA one needs to gather. And finally, that no effort matters because politically placed four men in a body hiperpoliticised of each political party become the last parliament, above all parliaments, and the last law above the law. And everyone, the politicians who have negotiated, citizens of Nepal who voted, everyone is left with a span of nostrils. If this was the trip, why so many heavy bags filled?

 

Maybe that the new statute was just a road to nowhere, the dream of GPK and the Maoists wanting  role in the  history, the delusion of grandiosity. But we all boarded and, beyond that which is true of this political class, one day we must ask whether it was worth getting into a career so mad to get defeated. The wise Nations and its people control their times and their weaknesses. In Nepal, we nepali, however, we control nada, but have always our things to teach others. Sometimes with suicidal tendency.



5. jange
Remind me again please. Just what was it about the 2047 constitution that it couldn't have been amended to get what we wanted?


6. Slarti

Jange, I understand that this is just a rhetorical question, but if it were not, the short and precise answer is – there was nothing wrong with the constitution. Not for any law abiding, honest citizen at least. 

The wrong was with the politicians. They would agree to deal with the devil if he promised them a few crumbs. What is happening to them now is their comeuppance. 

There is a lot more that one would like to talk about in anger, but what had to happen has happened. Keynes said – when facts change, I change my opinion (or something to that affect, I forget). 

The 1990 constitution is dead, the constitutional monarchy is dead, the decline of culture that held the country together has started and over the next few years it too will be completely dead.

Given these facts, the best I can do is to say what I can, whenever I can. That is because I believe that even though a victory against the tide of time is impossible - making an argument against it is not. 

The only thing left to be protected in this country is democracy; I will keep making arguments for it.



LATEST ISSUE
638
(11 JAN 2013 - 17 JAN 2013)


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