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These global programs, which are part of the Millennium Development Goal of fighting infectious diseases, one of eight anti-poverty targets governments around the world have committed to meet before 2015, could suffer reductions of as much as $200 million, aid groups say.
In a bid to appease criticism, Foreign Minister Takeaki Matsumoto recently explained to the press that the ODA reduction will be for only one year. Japan's 2011 ODA budget stood at $7.2 billion dollars, less than 0.18 percent of GDP. But in April, the cabinet agreed to an almost 10 percent slash, $600 million dollars, in the budget for fiscal year 2011.
Matsumoto called the cut "regrettable," but clarified that Tokyo would mainly cut spending for yen loans and contributions to multilateral funds in order to minimise the impact on the massive recovery plans after the 11 March earthquake and tsunami that hit Tohoku.
"Japan's ODA is a vital pillar of its diplomacy and an engine in Asian economic growth," said Professor Takeshi Inoguchi, a leading international relations expert. "The new cuts will mean a lower profile for Japan on the international stage."
Inoguchi said he does not support the move, which he said is detrimental to Japan's national interests in the long run. Indeed, the huge outpouring of aid to Japan from countries that included small and developing nations was viewed here as a potent example of the international respect the country has gained by being a leading donor.
Another concern Inoguchi cited is the consequence of a fading Japanese impact in a rapidly changing Asia where the rise of China, now the world's second largest economy, and India will steer the future of the region.
"In the fast changing geopolitical world that is seeing newcomers such as China's influence in the region, the decision to keep slashing the ODA budget to support Tohoku recovery does not make much sense," he said.
Japan has been the top donor in Asia for the past two decades and, through ODA, has played a leadership role in the region by supporting better infrastructure, technology transfer that paved the way for international investment in developing countries, and growth and poverty reduction.
Japan used to be second only to the U.S. as the largest aid donor for countries like China and Indonesia. And for the past two years, India has been among the largest recipients, with yen loans, grants and technology assistance extended to develop local industries and infrastructure.
But Japan's position has slowly eroded, and last year it fell to fifth place among countries belonging to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) that are also aid givers. Japan's 2010 White Paper on ODA by the Foreign Ministry explains domestic economic concerns and lack of public support as the primary causes.
The document that outlines national policy on aid pointed to several new steps that have been established in the ODA framework, including a results-based approach and the promotion of a public- private partnership to facilitate higher impact in aid recipient countries.
(IPS)
